Blood borne virus and STIs

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is both a Sexually Transmitted Infection, and also a Blood-Borne Virus, meaning it can be transmitted via sexual contact, or coming into contact with someone’s blood or bodily fluids (i.e. sharing razors, toothbrushes, needles).

Sexual Activity               

Sexual contact with sexual fluid or blood contact.

Possible Symptoms   

Many people do not have symptoms, but those who do start to see them 2-3 months after exposure, with symptoms lasting 6 weeks to 6 months. These symptoms can include yellowing of skin and eyes, dark urine, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, right-sided abdominal pain, fever and loss of appetite.

Test

A blood test is used for diagnosis. As many people are symptom-free, they may never be diagnosed unless provided a comprehensive screening that includes Hep B. These screening tests are usually offered to people known to be at higher risk of transmission, including MSM populations, people born in countries where Hep B is more common, and people who are pregnant.

Treatment        

There is no cure for Hepatitis B. Some adults clear the virus from their system, whilst others develop a chronic condition. If diagnosed with Hep B, you will have regular blood tests to make sure your liver is healthy and well, as Hep B affects liver health. Monitoring will occur, and treatment plans will change, depending on your health, well-being, and whether you develop symptoms.

Vaccination     

Yes, there is a widely available vaccination for Hep B to prevent either acquiring it or passing Hep B on. If you were born in Australia, then Hepatitis B should have been included in your infant immunisation course. If you were not vaccinated as an infant and are at potential risk, speak to your GP about catch-up vaccinations.

Health Implications

Depending on when you are exposed to the virus can influence your health and wellbeing. Many adults can clear the virus with no long-term impacts, whereas some adults develop chronic cases that require long-term medical intervention and treatment. 

Hepatitis B can be spread from mother to baby, so it is important to be tested and speak to your medical team if you are, or wish to become pregnant, and are living with Hep B.

HIV

HIV is a blood borne virus. Learn more here on our dedicated HIV page.